Validity, Reliability And Generalizability - 924 Words

Validity, reliability and generalizability In the surveys and randomized controlled trials, validity, reliability and generalizability are three key factors. Validity refers to that measuring tool or approaches can accurately measure things needed to be measured. It can be considered as an extent that measured results reflect investigative contents. Measured results more tend to be identical, validity will be higher, vice versa. Guba and Lincoln (1981) argued that whole social research must include invalidity in order to acquire worthwhile data within both the rationalistic paradigm (quantitative research) and naturalistic paradigm (qualitative research). Some factors can determine the level of validity, which include bias, construct†¦show more content†¦Epistemological criticism argues that all approaches are unlikely to produce consistent evidence because of the inherent property. It will generate a new viewpoint. However, through abundant reading, triangulation will enlarge width and depth in qualitative research and provide an analysis with security- a overall perspective. Participants can improve the validity of research. Bl oor (1978) argues that sociologists can establish a correspondence with participants, in which participants can identify, give assent and judgement to sociologists. Reliability refers to coherence, stability and dependability in test results, generally using internal consistency to express the levels of reliability in the test. The higher reliability indicates the higher level of accordance, stabilization and dependability in test results. Reliability is the precondition of validity (Guba and Lincoln, 1981). The same findings may not generate if the same research is repeated, because many influencing factors may work in the process of research. The process of establishment in reliability research includes: the research rigorously collect and explain data in consistent investigation (internal checks); the process is transparent (sample design, field work, inquiry and rational data). Patton (1987) suggests that the use of triangulation in multiple approaches can increase the reliability in results. Generalizability can beShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Validity, Reliability And Generalizability Of The Researcher s Finding Essay1034 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch design should be the validity, reliability and generalizability of the researcher’s finding. Creditable goes along ways and weighs heavy in the research world. Validity in research is measures on how much truth lies in the research by the proper tools in place for accuracy and truthfulness of scientific finding (1993). There are four different approaches to validity: face validity, content validity, criterion validity, and construct validity (2012). Validity is just like testing the hypothesisRead MoreThe Theory Of Political Personality Orientation1241 Words   |  5 Pagesformal and informal power is used to govern and/or manipulate others (Kaestner, Rosen, Appel, Sofer, 1977). The Mach IV scale is the most widely used measure of Machiavellianism to date. The remainder of this paper will assess the reliability, validity, and generalizability of the Mach IV, along with the pros and cons of the measurement, and suggested changes that may solve these problems. Christie et al. examined Eysenck’s The Psychology of Politics (1954), the biblical stories of Adam and Eve andRead MoreA Critique Of The Administration Of Intravenous Medication Administration Errors1474 Words   |  6 Pagesintravenous medication administration error and as this study design assess multiple effects it facilitated for this. It also means that the study is able to measure what it aims to measure increasing measurement validity (Socialresearchmethods.net, 2017), which further increases the internal validity of the study and thus making it more reliable. However, it is a very expensive and time-consuming study design to utilise. In comparison the 2015 article aimed to investigate the underlying causes of intravenousRead MoreChanging a Qualitative Research Into a Quantitative Study1485 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresentative of 1500 participants to give a higher validity and reliability of the research findings. Participants will be recruited through random selectio n of nurses who have ever been deployed to military crisis zones. The use of randomised selection of participants improves the validity of the overall results. Qualitative research limitations The first limitation as seen from the study is the use of snowballing sampling which reduces the validity of the overall findings. The second weaknessRead MoreThe Essential Features Of Interviews1599 Words   |  7 Pagesconclusion can therefore be drawn. ‘The findings support the need to develop appropriate nursing interventions to establish a nurturing presence with patients’ (Moyle, 2002, p.268). 4.2.3 Validity, Reliability and Generalizability of Interviews Quantitative research is ideally valid, reliability and generalizability, because the researcher is objective to the findings and they analyse large-scale numerical data by professional statistical approaches. Qualitative research tends to subjective and researchersRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Theory895 Words   |  4 Pagesbe based on parsimony. The more simplistic the theory the more worthy it becomes all due to the lack of both assumptions as well as definitions (Wacker, 1998). Generalizability, dictionary.com defines generalize as: to deal, think, or speak in generalities (Generalize, n.d.). So when we think or speak in the term of generalizability as it relates to a theory, we would like to look at it in the terms the more the better. Meaning the more areas hat a particular theory can be applied to the moreRead More##esizing Three Theories To Explain User Information Security Behavior In Virtual Communities1299 Words   |  6 Pageshas no known chance of being selected. The study will attempt to receive a minimum valid response rate of 30% from the sample, which is an acceptable response rate, according to Sekaran and Bougie (2013). The study will seek to establish the generalizability of the population through a reliable and valid sample size with a high precision, a margin of error of +/-5%, standard deviation of .5 and a confidence level of 95%. The primary data collection method for this study is a questionnaire, due toRead MoreAssessment And The Myers Briggs Indicator Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pagesreports using the mail-in scoring service, costing $75.50. One can find these resources at www.pearsonclinical.com/talent/products/100000323/campbell-interest-and-skill-survey-ciss.html. Since this would be considered a formal assessment, validity and reliability are characteristics that can be identified. I would consider this to be a formal assessment because this assessment measures inventory (no right or wrong answers) and also measures skill. A norm amongst this assessment is working adults.Read MoreBenefits Of Patients Following Discharge From An Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility895 Words   |  4 Pagesarea. 28. What are the threats to internal validity or sources of bias? There are threats to the validity of this study, including, a self-reporting method of data collection and mortality. The Functional Independence Measurement scale was used to improve self-reporting reliability, but more than nine percent of the population in the study were deceased at the time of the follow-up assessment. 29. What are the controls for the threats to internal validity? The Functional Independence MeasurementRead MoreCommon Tests of Reliability882 Words   |  4 PagesReliability is most commonly used to refer to the degree of consistency with which measurement can be conducted, and it focuses primarily on the instruments used in research. In this most simple consideration of reliability, a researcher must demonstrate that an instrument yields consistent results. The attributes of instruments must not produce variability in research outcomes that could be misconstrued as changes to the variables being measured. Two common data collection methods are referred to